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Reported Speech Alguém me disse que você disse que alguém comentou que o Joãozinho achava Reported Speech muito difícil.Ainda bem que ele achava difícil, pois depois de ler as dicas e explicações que o professor Rick peparou, tudo ficou mais claro. 1. Statements There is often backshift of tenses in Reported speech. Example: Susan: "I work in an office." Susan said that she worked in an office.  Take a look at the following examples of backshifting: Peter: "I work in the garden." Peter said that he worked in the garden. Peter: "I worked in the garden." Peter said that he had worked in the garden. Peter: "I have worked in the garden." Peter: "I had worked in the garden." Peter: "I will work in the garden." Peter said that he would work in the garden. Peter: "I can work in the garden." Peter said that he could work in the garden. Peter: "I may work in the garden." Peter said that he might work in the garden. Peter: "I would work in the garden." (could, might, should, ought to) Peter said he would work in the garden. Progressive forms Peter: "I'm working in the garden." Peter said that he was working in the garden. Peter: "I was working in the garden." Peter said that he had been working in the garden. Peter: "I have been working in the garden." Peter: "I had been working in the garden." If the sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it as well. Example: Peter: "I worked in the garden yesterday." Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before. Take at the following examples of shifting of expressions of time:  Note: In some cases the backshift of tenses is not necessary, e.g. when statements are still true. John: "My brother is very tall." John said that his brother was very tall. or John said that his brother is very tall. Mandy: "The sun rises in the East." Mandy said that the sun rose in the East. or Mandy said that the sun rises in the East. 2. Reported commands If you put a command into reported speech there are some steps which are the same like in statements: (changing of the person, backshift of tenses, changing of expressions of time). Father: "Do your homework." Father told me to do my homework. Teacher. "Don't talk to your neighbor." The teacher told me not to talk to my neighbor. 3. Reported Questions 1. Normal word order is used in reported questions, that is, the subject comes before the verb, and it is not necessary to use 'do' or 'did': "Where does Peter live?" She asked him where Peter lived. (NOT where did Peter live) 2. Yes / no questions: This type of question is reported by using 'ask' + 'if / whether + clause: a. "Do you speak English?" He asked me if I spoke English. b. "Are you British or American?" He asked me whether I was British or American. c. "Is it raining?" She asked if it was raining. d. "Have you got a computer?" He wanted to know whether I had a computer. e. "Can you type?" She asked if I could type. f. "Did you come by train?" He enquired whether I had come by train. g. "Have you been to Bristol before?" She asked if I had been to Bristol before. 3.1 Question words: This type of question is reported by using 'ask' (or another verb like 'ask') + question word + clause. The clause contains the question, in normal word order and with the necessary tense change. Examples: a. "What is your name?" he asked me. He asked me what my name was. b. "How old is your mother?", he asked. He asked how old her mother was. c. The mouse said to the elephant, "Where do you live?" The mouse asked the elephant where she lived. d. "What time does the train arrive?" she asked. She asked what time the train arrived. e. "When can we have dinner?" she asked. She asked when they could have dinner. f. The elephant said to the mouse, "Why are you so small?" The elephant asked the mouse why she was so small. | ||
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